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Uphawu lwebhande nomgwaqo lokuthuthukiswa ngokuhlanganyela

NguDigby James Wren | I-CHINA NSUKU ZONKE | Kubuyekeziwe: 2022-10-24 07:16

[ZHONG JINYE/YASECHINA NSUKU ZONKE]

Ukuphishekela ukuthula kweShayina kokuvuselela izwe kufakwe emgomweni wayo wekhulunyaka wesibili wokuthuthukisa iShayina ibe “izwe elikhulu lesimanje lezenhlalakahle eliphumelelayo, elinamandla, elentando yeningi, elithuthuke ngamasiko, elivumelanayo, nelihle” maphakathi naleli khulu leminyaka (2049 okuwunyaka wekhulu wokusungulwa kweRiphabhulikhi Yabantu).

I-China yafinyelela umgomo wokuqala wekhulunyaka - wokwakha umphakathi ophumelelayo ngokusesilinganisweni ngazo zonke izindlela, phakathi kokunye, ngokuqeda ubumpofu obuphelele - ekupheleni kuka-2020.

Alikho elinye izwe elisathuthuka noma umnotho osafufusa oye wakwazi ukufeza le mpumelelo ngesikhathi esifushane kangako. Ukuthi i-China yafinyelela umgomo wayo wokuqala wekhulunyaka naphezu kokuhleleka komhlaba wonke okubuswa inani elincane leminotho ethuthukile eholwa yi-United States ebeka izinselelo eziningi kuyimpumelelo enkulu ngokwayo.

Nakuba umnotho womhlaba uhlehla emthelela wokwehla kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuntengantenga kwezimali okuthunyelwa yi-US kanye nezinqubomgomo zayo zempi nezomnotho ezinempi, i-China isalokhu inamandla kwezomnotho futhi ibambe iqhaza ngokuthula ebudlelwaneni bamazwe ngamazwe. Ubuholi baseShayina bubona izinzuzo zokuhlanganisa izifiso zezomnotho kanye nezinhlelo zenqubomgomo zomakhelwane bayo nezinhlelo zabo zokuthuthukisa kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuqinisekisa ukuchuma kwawo wonke umuntu.

Yingakho iChina ihambelanise intuthuko yayo neyomakhelwane abasondelene nayo kuphela kodwa namazwe abambe iqhaza ohlelweni iBelt and Road Initiative. I-China iphinde yasebenzisa izimali zayo ezinkulu ezigciniwe ukuxhuma izindawo ezisentshonalanga, eningizimu, eningizimu-mpumalanga naseningizimu-ntshonalanga kumanethiwekhi ayo engqalasizinda, izimboni kanye namaketanga okuhlinzeka, umnotho osafufusa wedijithali ne-hi-tech kanye nemakethe enkulu yabathengi.

UMongameli u-Xi Jinping wenze isiphakamiso futhi ubelokhu ekhuthaza i-paradigm yokuthuthukiswa kokujikeleza okumbaxambili lapho ukujikeleza kwangaphakathi (noma umnotho wasekhaya) kuyinsika, futhi ukusakazwa kwangaphakathi nokwangaphandle kuyaqina ngokulinganayo ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo samazwe ngamazwe. I-China ifuna ukulondoloza amandla ayo okuzibandakanya emhlabeni jikelele kwezohwebo, ezezimali kanye nobuchwepheshe, kuyilapho iqinisa isidingo sasekhaya, futhi ithuthukisa amakhono okukhiqiza kanye nezobuchwepheshe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphazamiseka ezimakethe zomhlaba.

Ngaphansi kwale nqubomgomo, kugxilwe ekwenzeni i-China ikwazi ukuzimela ngokwengeziwe kuyilapho ukuhwebelana namanye amazwe kubuyiselwa ekusimameni nasekuzuzeni izinzuzo zengqalasizinda yamaBelt kanye Nomgwaqo.

Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni kuka-2021, ubunzima besimo somnotho womhlaba kanye nobunzima obuqhubekayo ekuquketheUbhubhane lwe-covid-19zibambezele ukusimama kokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali futhi kwakhinyabeza ukuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezomnotho. Ukuphendula, ubuholi baseShayina bacabanga nge-paradigm yokuthuthukiswa kokujikeleza okubili. Akukhona ukuvala umnyango womnotho waseShayina kodwa wukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimakethe zasekhaya nezomhlaba ziyathuthukisana.

Ukushintshela ekusetshenzisweni okumbaxambili kuhloselwe ukusebenzisa izinzuzo zesistimu yemakethe yezenhlalakahle - ukuhlanganisa izinsiza ezikhona ezihlanganisa impumelelo yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe - ukuze kukhuliswe ukukhiqiza, ukukhulisa ukusungula, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe embonini nokwenza kokubili amaketango ezimboni zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe asebenze kahle.

Ngakho-ke, i-China inikeze imodeli engcono yokuthuthukiswa komhlaba wonke ngokuthula, okusekelwe ekuvumelaneni kanye ne-multilateralism. Enkathini entsha ye-multipolarism, iShayina iyakuchitha unilateralism, okuwuphawu lohlelo oluphelelwe yisikhathi nolungenabulungiswa lokubusa komhlaba wonke olwenziwa iqembu elincane leminotho ethuthukile eholwa yi-US.

Izinselelo ezibhekene ne-unilateralism emgwaqeni oya entuthukweni esimeme yomhlaba zinganqotshwa kuphela ngemizamo ebumbene ye-China nabalingani bayo bezohwebo bomhlaba wonke, ngokuphishekela ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, eluhlaza kanye nekhabhoni ephansi, nokulandela izindinganiso ezivulekile zobuchwepheshe, kanye nezinhlelo zezezimali zomhlaba ezinomthwalo wemfanelo, ukuze kwakhiwe isimo somnotho womhlaba esivuleleke futhi esilinganayo.

I-China iyizwe lesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni kwezomnotho nomkhiqizi ohamba phambili, futhi isebenzisana kakhulu kwezohwebo emazweni angaphezu kwe-120, futhi inamandla kanye nesifiso sokwabelana ngezinzuzo zokuvuselelwa kwayo kuzwelonke nabantu emhlabeni jikelele abafuna ukugqashula izibopho zokuncika kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho eziqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli wamandla ohlangothi olulodwa. Ukuntengantenga kwezimali emhlabeni wonke kanye nokungahloliwe kokwehla kwamandla emali kuwumphumela wamazwe athile ukufeza izifiso zawo ezincane futhi kubeka engcupheni yokulahlekelwa okuningi kwezinzuzo ezenziwe yiShayina namanye amazwe asathuthuka.

UKhongolose Kazwelonke wama-20 weQembu LamaKhomanisi laseShayina awugcinanga ngokugqamisa izinzuzo ezinkulu i-China eye yazenza ngokuqalisa imodeli yayo yentuthuko nesimanje, kodwa futhi yenze abantu bakwamanye amazwe bakholelwa ukuthi bangazuza intuthuko enokuthula, bavikele ukuvikeleka kwezwe labo futhi basize ekwakheni umphakathi onekusasa elihlanganyelwe lesintu ngokulandela isibonelo sabo sentuthuko.

Umbhali ungumeluleki okhethekile omkhulu, kanye nomqondisi weMekong Research Center, International Relations Institute, Royal Academy of Cambodia. Imibono ayibonisi leyo ye-China Daily.