Izindaba

BEIJING — UMnyango wezeMpilo esifundazweni sase-Espirito Santo, eBrazil, umemezele ngoLwesibili ukuthi ukuba khona kwama-antibodies e-IgG, aqondene ngqo negciwane le-SARS-CoV-2, kutholakale kumasampula e-serum kusukela ngoDisemba 2019.

UMnyango wezeMpilo uthe amasampula e-serum angu-7,370 aqoqwe phakathi kukaDisemba 2019 noJuni 2020 ezigulini ezisolwa ngokutheleleka nge-dengue kanye ne-chikungunya.

Njengoba amasampula ehlaziyiwe, kwatholakala ama-antibodies e-IgG kubantu abangu-210, kanti amacala angu-16 kuwo aphakamisa ukuthi kukhona i-coronavirus entsha esifundazweni ngaphambi kokuba iBrazil imemezele icala layo lokuqala eliqinisekiswe ngokusemthethweni ngoFebhuwari 26, 2020. Elinye lamacala laqoqwa ngoDisemba 18, 2019.

UMnyango wezeMpilo uthe kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-20 ukuthi isiguli sifinyelele amazinga e-IgG atholakalayo ngemva kokutheleleka, ngakho-ke ukutheleleka kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke phakathi kokuphela kukaNovemba nasekuqaleni kukaDisemba 2019.

UMnyango Wezempilo waseBrazil uyalele umbuso ukuthi wenze uphenyo olujulile lwezifo ukuze kuqinisekiswe okwengeziwe.

Okutholakele eBrazil kungokusha phakathi kwezifundo emhlabeni wonke eziye zanezela ebufakazini obukhulayo bokuthi i-COVID-19 yasakazeka buthule ngaphandle kweShayina ngaphambi kwesikhathi esasicatshangwa ngaphambili.

Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseMilan basanda kuthola ukuthi owesifazane edolobheni elisenyakatho ye-Italy wayenegciwane le-COVID-19 ngoNovemba 2019, ngokusho kwemibiko yabezindaba.

Ngokusebenzisa amasu amabili ahlukene ezicutshini zesikhumba, abacwaningi bathole ekuhlolweni kwe-biopsy kowesifazane oneminyaka engu-25 ubudala ukuba khona kwezakhi zofuzo ze-RNA zegciwane le-SARS-CoV-2 kusukela ngoNovemba 2019, ngokusho kwephephandaba lansuku zonke lase-Italy i-L'Unione Sarda.

“Kulo bhubhane, kunezimo lapho uphawu olulodwa kuphela lokutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 luwukugula kwesikhumba,” kusho uRaffaele Gianotti, owayeqondisa ucwaningo, ecashunwa yileli phephandaba.

“Ngangizibuza ukuthi singabuthola yini ubufakazi be-SARS-CoV-2 esikhumbeni seziguli ezinezifo zesikhumba kuphela ngaphambi kokuba isigaba sobhubhane esaziwayo ngokusemthethweni siqale,” kusho uGianotti, enezela ngokuthi “sithole ‘iminwe’ ye-COVID-19 ezicutshini zesikhumba.”

Ngokusekelwe kudatha yomhlaba wonke, lokhu "ubufakazi obudala kakhulu bokuba khona kwegciwane le-SARS-CoV-2 kumuntu," kusho umbiko.

Ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli 2020, uMichael Melham, imeya yaseBelleville esifundazweni sase-US saseNew Jersey, uthe uhlolwe ukuthi une-COVID-19 antibodies futhi ukholelwa ukuthi uthole leli gciwane ngoNovemba 2019, naphezu kokucabanga kukadokotela ukuthi lokho uMelham abhekane nakho kwakuwumkhuhlane nje.

EFrance, ososayensi bathole ukuthi indoda itheleleke nge-COVID-19 ngoDisemba 2019, cishe inyanga ngaphambi kokuba amacala okuqala aqoshwe ngokusemthethweni eYurophu.

Ikhuluma ngodokotela ezibhedlela zase-Avicenne naseJean-Verdier eduze kwaseParis, i-BBC News yabika ngoMeyi 2020 ukuthi isiguli “kumelwe ukuthi sasinegciwane phakathi kuka-14 no-22 Disemba (2019), njengoba izimpawu ze-coronavirus zithatha phakathi kwezinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-14 ukuze zivele.”

ESpain, abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseBarcelona, ​​enye yamanyuvesi adumile ezweni, bathole ukuthi kukhona i-genome yegciwane emasampuleni amanzi angcolile aqoqwe ngoMashi 12, 2019, kusho inyuvesi esitatimendeni ngoJuni 2020.

E-Italy, ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-National Cancer Institute eMilan, olwanyatheliswa ngoNovemba 2020, lubonise ukuthi amaphesenti angu-11.6 ezisebenzi zokuzithandela ezinempilo ezingu-959 ezahlanganyela ovivinyweni lokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kukaSepthemba 2019 kuya kuMashi 2020 zase zithuthukise ama-antibodies e-COVID-19 isikhathi eside ngaphambi kukaFebhuwari 2020 lapho icala lokuqala elisemthethweni laqoshwa khona ezweni, kanye namacala amane ocwaningo asukela esontweni lokuqala lika-Okthoba 2019, okusho ukuthi labo bantu babethelelekile ngoSepthemba 2019.

Ngomhlaka-30 Novemba 2020, ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) luthole ukuthi i-COVID-19 kungenzeka ukuthi yayise-United States maphakathi noDisemba 2019, amasonto ngaphambi kokuba leli gciwane litholakale okokuqala eShayina.

Ngokusho kocwaningo olushicilelwe ku-inthanethi kumagazini i-Clinical Infectious Diseases, abacwaningi be-CDC bahlole amasampula egazi avela eminikelweni yegazi evamile engu-7,389 eqoqwe yi-American Red Cross kusukela ngoDisemba 13, 2019 kuya kuJanuwari 17, 2020 ukuthola ama-antibodies aqondene ne-coronavirus entsha.

Ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 “kungenzeka ukuthi kwakukhona e-US ngoDisemba 2019,” cishe inyanga ngaphambi kwecala lokuqala elisemthethweni kuleli lizwe ngoJanuwari 19, 2020, kubhala ososayensi be-CDC.

Lokhu okutholakele kungenye indlela ebonisa ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukuxazulula iphazili yesayensi yokulandelela imithombo yamagciwane.

Ngokomlando, indawo lapho igciwane laqala ukubikwa khona kwakuvame ukuvela ukuthi aliveli elakuqala. Isibonelo, ukutheleleka nge-HIV kwaqala ukubikwa yi-United States, kodwa kungenzeka futhi ukuthi igciwane alizange livele e-United States. Futhi ubufakazi obuningi bufakazela ukuthi i-Spanish Flu ayiqalanga eSpain.

Ngokuphathelene ne-COVID-19, ukuba ngowokuqala ukubika ngaleli gciwane akusho ukuthi leli gciwane laqala edolobheni lase-China i-Wuhan.

Ngokuphathelene nalezi zifundo, i-World Health Organization (WHO) ithe "izothatha konke ukutholwa eFrance, eSpain, e-Italy ngokungathi sína, futhi sizokuhlola konke."

“Ngeke siyeke ukwazi iqiniso ngemvelaphi yaleli gciwane, kodwa sisekelwe kwisayensi, ngaphandle kokulifaka kwezombusazwe noma ukuzama ukudala ukungezwani kule nqubo,” kusho uMqondisi-Jikelele we-WHO uTedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba 2020.